Investigations in feamles starts with cervical mucous study followed by ultrasonography, laproscopy and more detialed investigations if required.
Cervical mucous study
Pregestoreone makes the cervical mucous thick. There are tests to identify the changes
In the cervical mucous known as Fern test & Spinnbarkiet Test.
Ultrasonography
To detect the growth of the follicle ( which contains egg), till it reaches more than 80-20mm. then it ruptures &the follicle shrinks. During ultrasonography the thickness of the endometrium is also determined. If any tumours or cysts are present in the uterus & ovaries , they can they can also be detected by this method. To get a better view, it may be done transvaginally.
Laparoscopy
This is an endoscope put inside the body cavity to directly see the structures like the uterus, ovaries , etc. if laparoscopy is done after third week of the menstrual cycle, the corpus luteum can be directly seen on the surface of the ovary, which is the definite proof of ovulation. During laparoscopic visualization ,other abnormalities like tumors on the surface of the uterus / ovaries can also be detected. Polycystic ovaries, endometrosis, pelvic infections & adhesions & presence of blockages in the fallopian tube can be detected.
To find out whether the fallopian tubes are normal or not
Hysterosalpingography
This test is done to find out if there is any block in the fallopian tubes.
Laparoscopic dye test
During laparoscopy, a blue colour dye is pushed through the cervix. This test provides information about the blocked tube &even the site of the block.
Hysterscopy
To directly see the inside of the uterus, an instrument called hyteroscope(telescope like) is used. Sometimes cannulae can be passed through the tubes to detect the site of the block in the tube (falloposcopy) and also to open the block if any.
Your doctor will advise you about the need for a particular investigation as per requirement.
Post Coital Test
The cervical mucous is viewed under the microscope to find out the presence of viable & motile (moving) sperm after 2to 12 hrs of unprotected intercourse.
To detect associated hormonal defects
